Which of the following are disadvantages of kidney transplantation that should be shared with patients and their families?

The option addressing the need for lifelong immunosuppression and the vast potential complications stemming from that immunosuppression accurately highlights significant disadvantages of kidney transplantation that are crucial for patients and their families to understand.

Post-transplant, patients must take immunosuppressive medications to prevent organ rejection. This lifelong requirement significantly alters a patient's care regimen and poses risks, as these medications can leave patients more susceptible to infections and may lead to other complications, such as increased risk of certain cancers or damage to other organs.

By discussing these factors, healthcare providers ensure that patients are fully informed about the ongoing commitment and potential health impacts of immunosuppressive therapy, enabling them to make better-informed decisions regarding their treatment options. Additionally, understanding the possible complications helps prepare them for what to expect after the transplant and emphasizes the importance of adherence to medication regimens and regular follow-up care.

While other options do mention disadvantages, they either focus on specific surgical issues or factors less central to the overall management of transplantation, such as cost or waiting times, which, while relevant, do not encapsulate the core medical challenges posed by the necessity of ongoing immunosuppression.